Renal Mechanisms of Diuretic Resistance in Congestive Heart Failure

This study reviews the renal aspects of diuretic resistance occurring in treatment, mostly with loop diuretics congestive heart failure. A short discussion on different classes diuretics, including recently introduced sodium-glucose transporter 2 inhibitors, and their mechanism action nephron is provided, followed by a summary recent data discussing causes pathophysiological mechanisms resistance. The major cause appears to be localized within distal tubule. Traditionally, concept compensatory post-diuretic sodium reabsorption (CPDSR) was considered resistance; however, studies have disputed this traditional demonstrated that patients failure are constant sodium-avid state. Finally, options therapeutic strategies, combining summarized.